RussianSoviet Aircraft Carrier & Carrier Aviation Design & Evolution Volume 1 by Harkins Hugh

Author:Harkins, Hugh
Language: eng
Format: epub, azw3, mobi
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Published: 2016-12-06T16:00:00+00:00

The NPO Mashinostroyenia Bazalt anti-ship cruise missile complex with its battery of P-500 missiles bestowed upon the Kiev Class a formidable surface to surface strike capability. NPO Mashinostroyenia

Starboard side on-view of a relatively crude, but reasonably accurate, NATO intelligence depiction of the P-500 missile (NATO SS-N-12). US Gov

As was the case with the P-6 missile complex, the P-500 could cruise to the target area at considerable height for an ASCM, but adopted an enhanced period of low level flight in the terminal phase of the engagement, the altitude of which was decreased over its predecessor, guidance being overseen by the on-board ‘Argon’ target/flight management system, which incorporated an integral FDC (Digital Computer), developed by the Granit Research Institute.

The design origins of the P-500 can be traced back to Resolution No.250-89 dated 28 February 1963 authorizing development of the weapon system by Experimental Design Office-52, a draft design of the missile being ready by December that year. Phase I flight testing commenced at Nenoksa in October 1969 when a ground based missile was launched in a test under the designation SM-49. In 1975, the state joint tests for the korotkoresursnogo engine of the Bazalt complex for submarine launch was completed paving the way for the engine to enter serial production at PJSC UMPO, the last units being produced in 1985.

The Bazalt missile complex was deployed on sub-surface and surface combatants – Project 675MK nuclear powered submarines, in which they replaced P-6 ASCM from 1975 (it is thought that the first units may have been deployed on a Project 675MK submarine in the early 1970’s under the test/development program, although there is a degree of ambiguity), Project 1143-1143.4 ASW Cruisers with Airborne Armament (Heavy Aircraft Carrying Cruisers) from 1976 (the missile became operational on Kiev in 1977) and the Project 1164 Guided Missile Cruisers.

The Kiev Class had eight missiles in the launch containers and a further eight missiles stored in an armoury below deck. Although the improved Kiev Class vessel Baku had twelve missiles in the launch containers, it is unclear if any reloads were included in the armoury, Strela PA documentation suggesting no reloads. The missile Cruisers of the Project 1164 Slava Class were equipped with sixteen P-500 missiles in launch containers with no reloads, the first of this class, Slava, launching a P-500 during tests on 29 November 1982, the ship commissioning that December.

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